This adds the BoundedNumeral class template and its associated exception
that I wrote originally for libLedPulser2.

Sources:
https://gitlab.ep1.rub.de/dcs/libledpulser2/-/blob/dbdab89d5332c643905e8ef608a922ba9470c52f/src/boundednumeral.h
https://gitlab.ep1.rub.de/dcs/libledpulser2/-/blob/dbdab89d5332c643905e8ef608a922ba9470c52f/src/boundaryexceededexception.h